Effects of Sialic Acid and Temozolomide on GFAP Gene Expression in the 1321N1 Glioma Cell Line
Farideh Rezaei,1,*Mohammad Shafiei,2Hamid Galehdari,3Alireza Malayeri,4Seyed Mehdi Kalantar,5Tahereh seifi,6
1. PhD, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran 2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. 3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. 4. Medical Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 5. Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi Medical Sciences University, Yazd, Iran. 6. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Introduction: Glioma is one of the most aggressive primary tumors of the central nervous system, and chemoresistance remains a major challenge in its treatment. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in the tumor microenvironment, particularly aberrant sialylation, may contribute to tumor progression and resistance to therapy. GFAP, a known astrocytic marker, has also been associated with glioma aggressiveness and treatment response
Methods: The 1321N1 glioma cell line was cultured under standard conditions and treated with sialic acid (500 and 300 µM) and temozolomide (TMZ; 215 and 100 µM) for 48 and 72 hours. GFAP gene expression levels were then measured using real-time PCR to assess the effect of sialic acid on glioma cell response and chemoresistance-related changes.
Results: Sialic acid treatment increased GFAP expression, particularly after 72 hours, suggesting a role in promoting tumor progression. In contrast, treatment with TMZ and the combined TMZ/sialic acid condition reduced GFAP expression at both 48 and 72 hours, indicating decreased tumorigenic activity and enhanced cell death. These findings suggest a time-dependent effect of sialic acid on GFAP regulation and glioma cell behavior.
Conclusion: The results indicate that sialic acid may contribute to glioma progression and chemoresistance through modulation of GFAP expression. GFAP may therefore serve as a useful molecular indicator of treatment response. Targeting sialic acid-related pathways could represent a potential strategy for improving glioma therapy.