INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF
CancerGenetics
Cancer therapy by exosomes mediated mRNA delivery
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Fatemeh Farzi,1 Seyyed Abolghasem Mohammadi,2 Ebrahim Sakhinia,3 Asiye Jebbeli,4 Effat Alizadeh,5,*
1. Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3. Department of Laboratory and Regenerative Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
4. Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Basic Science, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
5. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Introduction: Exosomes, a subgroup of secretome, secreted from all cells and play a key role in and out of the cells by transferring nucleic acid, proteins, lipids, amino acid and other metabolites as cargos even to distant cells and alter their biological response intrinsically. Although cancer is the hottest field in treatment study, but unfortunately, there is no ideal therapeutic effects. In this position, exosomes can optimise therapeutic strategies due to having a series of useful properties. Despite the existence of many studies based on the ability to transfer multiple cargoes by exosomes, studies directed on the transfer of mRNA by exosomes are very rare. Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based therapeutics involves the delivery of in vitro-transcribed mRNA into the cytoplasm of a target cell, where it is translated into the desired protein and solve the problem of its absence. In this situation, exosomes optimise their transmission. The aim of this review is to review and scrutinise exosomes mediated mRNA delivery studies which were focused on cancer therapy
- Methods: All original articles regarding mRNA, exosomes, and cancer treatments were collected, and main findings were summarized in this work.
- Results: About colorectal cancer therapy, ALKBH5 mRNA-loaded folic acid-modified exosome-liposome hybrid nanoparticles strategy demonstrated inhibition in the process of tumor formation (1). Besides they showed decrease in expression of inflammation, angiogenesis and cell proliferation related genes in TCA8113 cell line which were treated with exosomes containing ECRG4 mRNA. Although translated protein detection of ERGC4 mRNA was failed due to ECRG4 is a secretory protein, but inhibition of VEGFA gene expression , CDK4, NF-KB, IL1b, IL6, MCPI genes and dysregulated cell cycle are evidence for ERGC4’s role in tumor growth and metastasis.(2) Her2+ human breast cancer is another case which is mRNA-based treatment has been applied on it. Treatment of her2+ cell population with exosomes carrying HChrR6 gene mRNA caused the growth of cancer cells to be inhibited in the presence of CNOB drug and its transformation into cytotoxic drug MCHB.(3)
- Conclusion: It can be concluded that exosomes can work well for transfer of mRNA to cancers, and they have the potential to enter clinic in the future.
- Keywords: Cancer, exosomes, mRNA, therapy
