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INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF

CancerGenetics

• Vitamin Interactions at the Crossroads of Gut Microbiome and Mitochondrial Function in Cancer: Unraveling Complex Pathways

• Ali Bejani,^1,* Majid Sadeghpour,²
  1. Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
  2. Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  
  
  
• Introduction: Cancer research has increasingly focused on the intricate relationships between the gut microbiome, mitochondrial function, and vitamins. These components are integral to understanding cancer progression and treatment. Vitamins, essential for mitochondrial energy production, also influence gut microbiome composition, which in turn affects cancer development and therapeutic efficacy. This review explores how these interactions intersect and their implications for cancer biology.
• Methods: A review of the literature was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The review aimed to consolidate findings on the roles of vitamins, the gut microbiome, and mitochondria in cancer.
• Results: The review reveals that vitamin D plays a crucial role in modulating cancer outcomes through its effects on both the gut microbiome and mitochondrial function. Elevated vitamin D levels have been associated with beneficial changes in the gut microbiota, including an increased abundance of Bacteroides fragilis. This shift positively influences immune responses and enhances the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency correlates with poorer cancer prognoses, highlighting the vitamin's importance in maintaining effective immune surveillance and response. Studies also indicate that vitamin D-induced changes in microbiome composition contribute to improved patient responses to immunotherapy, suggesting that optimizing vitamin D levels could be a viable strategy to enhance therapeutic outcomes. In addition, vitamin deficiencies, such as those in vitamin B12, are linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, which impairs cellular energy production and exacerbates cancer progression. Mitochondrial abnormalities resulting from vitamin deficiencies impact the effectiveness of cancer treatments. The review also points to the intricate interplay between vitamin-mediated metabolic processes, microbiome composition, and cancer development, suggesting that targeted interventions aimed at correcting vitamin deficiencies and modulating gut microbiota could provide novel therapeutic avenues.
• Conclusion: The interplay between vitamins, the gut microbiome, and mitochondria offers new perspectives on cancer treatment. Targeting these interactions through nutritional and microbiome-based therapies could provide innovative approaches to enhance cancer therapy and improve patient outcomes. Future research should focus on these relationships to develop effective strategies for managing cancer and optimizing therapeutic responses.
• Keywords: Vitamin, Gut Microbiome, Mitochondrial Function, Cancer