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INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF

CancerGenetics

• Role of Cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived exosomal ncRNAs in colorectal cancer progression

• Elham kamalkazemi,¹ Effat Alizadeh,^2,*
  1. Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  
  
  
• Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is introduced as one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths between women and men. The development and progression of CRC are affected by tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), one of the most active components of TME, can interact with CRC cells to facilitate their tumorigenesis and development. Emerging evidence reported that the secretion of exosomes mediates communication between the CAFs and CRC cells. Exosome is an extracellular vesicle (EV) with small sizes (40 ~ 100 nm) that contain proteins, lipids, DNA, and ncRNAs (such as lncRNAs, circular RNAs, and miRNAs). The ncRNAs carrying exosomes can be secreted from CAFs as a potential intracellular communication mediator and participate in the cell proliferation, growth, survival, metastasis, drug resistance, and immune response of recipient tumor cells through underlying the different molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we explored the major role of exosomal ncRNAs in CAFs and CRC cell interaction in TME and their molecular mechanisms of action in tumorigenesis.
• Methods: In this study, we retrieved the results of related articles published between 2020 and 2024 using keywords such as “colorectal cancer”, “exosome”, “cancer-associated fibroblast” AND “ncRNA” queries from reputable databases.
• Results: Recent studies revealed the critical role of exosomal ncRNAs released from CAF on the malign behavior of colorectal cancer. These studies reported that CAF-derived exosomal ncRNAs for example, miR-135b-5p (1), miR-93-5p (2), LINC00355 (3), micro-RNA-200b-3p (4), LINC00659 (5), circEIF3K (6) can affect the molecular pathways, therefore can induce the cell proliferation, growth, migration, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance in CRC cells.
• Conclusion: Accumulating evidence demonstrated that exosomes bearing ncRNAs are implicated in the intracellular communication between CAFs and CRC cells in the TME and can play a pivotal role in CRC progression through underlying molecular mechanisms. Therefore, CAFs-derived exosomal ncRNAs can be employed as potential therapeutic targets for CRC treatment.
• Keywords: Colorectal cancer (CRC), Cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF), ncRNA, Exosome