INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF
CancerGenetics
A Review of investigating the potential of vaccines in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer
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Hediye Khalkhali,1,* Haniye Yarahmadi,2 Abolfazl Jafari Sales,3 Mehrdad Pashazadeh,4
1. Islamic Azad university of Tabriz
2. Islamic Azad university of Tabriz
3. Islamic Azad university of Tabriz
4. Islamic Azad university of medical science,Tabriz
- Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignancy in men worldwide. This disease occurs mostly in countries with high Human Development Index (HDI). Among the factors affecting the development of this cancer are genetics, race and ethnicity, family history and unhealthy diet. People with PCa are diagnosed through prostate biopsy, digital rectal examination, and prostate-specific antigen analysis Prostate-Specific Antigen ( PSA) testing. In cases of progression and metastasis of this cancer, treatment is done through radiotherapy or radical prostatectomy. Over the past few decades, the focus on the development of vaccines has been introduced as a way to treat cancers, particularly PCa. Currently, the Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) vaccine is the only vaccine approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for PCa treatment. Studies show that in the future, PCa vaccines can be used to activate and increase T cells in tumors, be used as part of a hybrid approach with factors that enhance tumor-resistant immune mechanisms. There has also been a lot of research done to find new therapeutic approaches such as traditional medicine, immunotherapy, gene therapy and nanotechnology. The aim of this study is to review prostate cancer, factors affecting the development of disease, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of it, including vaccines and a review of diverse therapeutic approaches in the future.
- Methods: The research method used in this review included an extensive study. Search and analysis of scientific literature, including peer-reviewed papers, research papers, and clinical studies of databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were used to collect related publications. Search terms include « prostate cancer», «vaccine therapy for cancer» and « prostate cancer treatment».
- Results: PCa After lung cancer Lung Lung, is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Current treatments for this cancer are only useful for a small number of patients and have many side effects. In this study, the potential of vaccines in the prevention and treatment of PCa was examined، Vaccines have been shown to play an effective role in the management and treatment of PCa. Due to the increasing prevalence of PCa and the risk factors associated with the disease، The use of proprietary vaccines and non-specific vaccines specifically designed to stimulate immune responses can be used to control cancer، important strategies and strategies are promising and effective. In addition, there are a variety of treatment options available for PCa, including hormonal treatments, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and radical prostatectomy، New hormonal treatments such as abyrotron, apalotamide, and ejaculationotamide are considered effective methods. Due to recent advances in precision medicine and the use of new technologies such as mRNA vaccines, emerging perspectives on PCa treatment have been provided . Vaccinations for PCa not only have the ability to help boost the immune system, but also allow for personalization of treatments based on genetic characteristics. Finally, more research is needed in this area to improve and optimize current treatments and introduce new techniques . This holistic approach has the potential to improve treatment outcomes as well as improve the quality of life of patients with PCa.
- Conclusion: cancer vaccines, especially anti-PCa vaccines, are expected to benefit from improvements in the speed, cost and efficiency of molecular sequencing, artificial intelligence, and cell engineering.
- Keywords: Prostate cancer, Prostate-specific antigen, Vaccine, Gene therapy
