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INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF

CancerGenetics

• Investigating different stages of esophageal carcinoma differentiation using lectin histochemistry method

• Khadijeh Afshoun,¹ Mohammadreza Pourmohammad,² Jina Khayatzadeh,^3,* Sepideh Salari,⁴ Alireza Khoei,⁵ Alireza Fazel,⁶
  1. Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  2. Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
  3. Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
  4. Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
  6. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  
  
  
• Introduction: Sugar compounds (Glycoconjugates) of cell surface and cell matrix play an important role in the normal physiology of cells and regulation between cell-cell and cell-matrix actions. The change of cellular glycoconjugates is one of the most important phenomena in the course of neoplastic changes and indicates abnormal biological behaviors of tumoral cells. The terminal sugar of the above compounds shows a special temporal and spatial pattern in different stages of the process of neoplastic differentiation of tissues. Despite the progress of endoscopic and surgical techniques, esophageal cancer, which is the third most common cancer of the digestive tract, is still one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. Therefore, the aim of this research was to study the changes of some sugar compounds in different stages of differentiation of esophageal carcinoma tissue (SCC) in humans by histochemical lectin method
• Methods: Tissue samples of esophageal carcinoma of 40 patients with different differentiations (well, moderate, poorly and undifferentiated) along with healthy esophageal samples were selected from the pathology department of Imam Reza Hospital (AS) in Mashhad after studying hematoxylin and eosin slides. To ensure the previous diagnosis, 5 micrometer thick sections were prepared and stained with by histochemical lectin method with SBA and MAA lectins (conjugated with HRP enzyme) and were examined microscopically. The results were analyzed and evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis statistical analysis
• Results: The results of MAA lectin investigation showed the absence of sugar terminal in normal lining and different stages of differentiation of SCC cells, stroma and esophageal mucous glands in normal and cancerous tissue. But the results of SBA lectin showed that the pattern of reaction in normal and tumoral cells was different in different areas and increased with the decrease in the degree of differentiation except for the undifferentiated stage
• Conclusion: According to the research done, it seems that in the cancerous process, changes in the function of the esophageal lining cells that lead to changes in the MAA sugar terminal do not occur, while the difference in the presence of the SBA sugar terminal in tumoral cells probably indicates changes. Glycosylation of cellular proteins is obvious and unusual in the cancerous process of the esophagus lining.
• Keywords: esophageal carcinoma, lectin histochemistry, SBA, MAA