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INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF

CancerGenetics

• MiR-7-5p in Cancer: Targeting Oncogenes and Signaling Pathways to Enhance Radiation Response

• Elham Khakshour,^1,* Hosein Azimian,² Saba Ordibeheshti,³
  1. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
  2. Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  3. Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  
  
  
• Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Studies indicate that miRNAs have an important role in tumor cell response to ionizing radiation by regulating genes involved in DNA damage repair, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle, impacting radiation resistance. MiR-7-5p is a single-stranded RNA that is downregulated in several types of cancer, including breast, lung, glioblastoma, and colorectal cancer. The mechanisms by which MiR-7-5p regulates radiation response in cancer cells are multifaceted. Our study will briefly discuss some of the key mechanisms of MiR-7-5p and its role in radioresponse in cancers.
• Methods: Relevant studies were searched in Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed databases from 2009 to 2023. The keywords of radioresistance, MiR-7-5p, and cancer were used without language limitations. Studies that investigated the mechanisms of MiR-7-5p and its role in radioesponse met the study inclusion criteria. After carefully examining titles and abstracts and implementing exclusion criteria, we reviewed the full texts of the most relevant studies.
• Results: The final twenty articles emphasized the main mechanisms of radioresponse. MiR-7-5p has been shown to suppress the expression of several oncogenes involved in cell proliferation, notably the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), crucial for cell growth and survival. MiR-7-5p can also modulate various signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, notably the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. By inhibiting this pathway, MiR-7-5p can suppress cell proliferation and induce cell cycle arrest. Studies reveal its impact on molecules like IRS2 and TAL1, upstream activators of MAPK and PI3K pathways, offering insights into its tumor-suppressive mechanisms. However, MiR-7-5p regulates the expression of cell cycle regulators, such as cyclin D1 and cyclin E1. MiR-7-5p induces apoptosis in cancer cells by targeting anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and XIAP, while activating caspases.
• Conclusion: Dysregulation of microRNA-7-5p in cancer cells contributes to increased cell proliferation, by mechanisms that regulate cell proliferation involving targeting oncogenes, modulating signaling pathways, regulating cell cycle progression, and inducing apoptosis. Further research on MiR-7-5p and its mechanisms may provide valuable insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting cancer cell proliferation.
• Keywords: radioresistance, MiR-7-5p, cancer