INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF
CancerGenetics
Circulating microRNAs as valuable biomarkers for early detection and clinical management of colorectal cancer
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Seyedeh Helia Seyedzadegan Halaj,1,* Mohammad Nasrollahi Moghadam,2
1. Iran, Mashhad, Azadi Square, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad The Research Institute of Biotechnology
2. Department of Biology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
- Introduction: Based on recent studies, new non-invasive approaches by liquid biopsies can be applied for early cancer detection. The analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), tumor-derived cells (CTC, circulating tumor cells), or circulating microRNA (miRNA) from body fluids can be applied as valuable biomarkers for cancer monitoring in early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic approaches. According to the restrictions and challenges in diagnostic methods in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and management, including biopsy-based techniques, liquid biomarkers have been introduced because of several advantages, such as quick and easy extraction from patients, low cost and minimal pain and risk for patients due to its minimal invasiveness. In addition, the biological role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of CRC can be applied as an important predictive or prognostic biomarker.
- Methods: Tumor-specific miRNAs can be found in body fluid circulation, which can be detected in low quantities of samples with high specificity and present in several biofluids, including serum, plasma, saliva, and urine.
- Results: Recent studies proposed the members of the MiR-17-92 miRNA cluster, miR-21, miR-23, miR-17/92 Cluster, miR-96, miR-135 family, miR-143, miR-145, miR-150, miR-183, miR-200 family, and miR-203a can be considered as valuable biofluid biomarker for screening of CRC patients.
- Conclusion: MiRNAs can be potentially applied as valuable and reliable biofluid markers. However, the most suitable detection method for CRC screening and the application of a precise and definitive diagnostic or prognostic panel comprised of miRNA combinations should be determined in future studies.
- Keywords: Colorectal Neoplasms, Circulating MicroRNA, Early Detection of Cancer, Early Diagnosis
